Nonlinear Analysis and Classiication of Speech under Stressed Conditions

نویسنده

  • Douglas A. Cairns
چکیده

The speech production system is capable of conveying an abundance of information with regards to sentence text, speaker identity, prosodics, as well as emotion and speaker stress. In an eeort to better understand the mechanism of human voice communication, researchers have attempted to determine reliable acoustic indicators of stress using such speech production features as fundamental frequency (F0), intensity, spectral tilt, the distribution of spectral energy, and others. Their ndings indicate that more work is necessary to propose a general solution. In this study, we hypothesize that speech consists of a linear and nonlinear component, and that the nonlinear component changes markedly between normal and stressed speech. To quantify the changes between normal and stressed speech, a classiication procedure was developed based on the nonlinear Teager Energy operator. The Teager Energy operator provides an indirect means of evaluating the nonlinear component of speech. The system was tested using VC and CVC utterances from native speakers of English across the following speaking styles; neutral, loud, angry, Lombard eeect, and clear. Results of the system evaluation show that loud and angry speech can be diierentiated from neutral speech, while clear speech is more diicult to diierentiate. Results also show that reliable classiication of Lombard eeect speech is possible, but system performance varies across speakers.

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تاریخ انتشار 2007